Thinking of starting a company at 16? Know the rules, risks and responsibilities before you take the leap.

The Companies Act 2006 does not set a minimum age for shareholders, meaning even minors can hold shares unless a company’s articles of association explicitly state otherwise. However, the minimum age for a company director in the UK is 16 years.

Directors carry significant legal responsibilities, including ensuring that company accounts and reports are accurate and filed on time with the relevant authorities. Even if the company is dormant, you must still submit confirmation statements and accounts annually without fail.

Setting up a company is generally straightforward, but being a director comes with serious ongoing responsibilities. These duties are not just formalities, and failure to meet them can lead to personal fines, disqualification or even imprisonment.

Even dormant companies must file annual accounts and confirmation statements regularly. While directors can delegate daily tasks, such as hiring an accountant or other professionals, they remain legally responsible for the company’s records, accounts, and overall performance.

Seeking professional advice before starting a company is highly recommended, especially for a 16-year-old unlikely to have all the necessary business knowledge.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer, Rachel Reeves confirmed, in a video message, that the next UK Budget will take place on Wednesday, 26 November 2025.

Details of all the Budget announcements will be made on a special section of the GOV.UK website which will be updated following completion of the Chancellor’s speech in November.

HM Treasury is inviting written representations for the Autumn Budget 2025 from individuals, interested groups, MPs and organisations. Submissions should propose evidence-based policy ideas or comment on existing policies, with clear rationale, costs, benefits, and deliverability. The deadline for submissions is 23:59 on Wednesday, 15 October 2025.

The Budget will be published alongside the latest forecasts from the Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR). This forecast will be in addition to that published for the Spring Statement and fulfil the obligation for the OBR to produce at least two forecasts in a financial year, as is required by legislation.

The OBR has executive responsibility for producing the official UK economic and fiscal forecasts, evaluating the government’s performance against its fiscal targets, assessing the sustainability of and risks to the public finances and scrutinising government tax and welfare spending.

1 October 2025 – Due date for Corporation Tax due for the year ended 31 December 2024.

19 October 2025 – PAYE and NIC deductions due for month ended 5 October 2025. (If you pay your tax electronically the due date is 22 October 2025.)

19 October 2025 – Filing deadline for the CIS300 monthly return for the month ended 5 October 2025. 

19 October 2025 – CIS tax deducted for the month ended 5 October 2025 is payable by today.

31 October 2025 – Latest date you can file a paper version of your 2024-25 self-assessment tax return.

1 November 2025 – Due date for Corporation Tax due for the year ended 31 January 2025.

19 November 2025 – PAYE and NIC deductions due for month ended 5 November 2025. (If you pay your tax electronically the due date is 22 November 2025.)

19 November 2025 – Filing deadline for the CIS300 monthly return for the month ended 5 November 2025. 

19 November 2025 – CIS tax deducted for the month ended 5 November 2025 is payable by today.

From 13 October 2025, access to Companies House WebFiling will require GOV.UK One Login. This replaces the older Government Gateway sign-in and is part of the wider move towards a single, more secure login across government services.

When you next log into WebFiling after that date, you will be prompted to connect your existing account to GOV.UK One Login. Without doing so, you will not be able to file company documents. This shift follows the earlier transition of the “Find and update company information” service in 2024.

The new login system provides additional benefits. It brings stronger security through two-factor authentication, reducing the risk of fraud and misuse. It also allows you to use one set of login details for multiple government services, cutting down on the need to manage different usernames and passwords. Over time, GOV.UK One Login will replace all other government login systems.

To prepare for the change, users should check that their WebFiling email address is up to date and accessible. If they also use the “Find and update company information” service, they should ensure both accounts use the same email address. It may be worth creating a GOV.UK One Login in advance using that same email. Companies House is also advising that users review and clean up their “My companies” list to remove any businesses they no longer file for.

Looking further ahead, identity verification becomes compulsory from 18 November 2025 for all new and existing directors and Persons with Significant Control. This can be completed voluntarily now via GOV.UK One Login or, alternatively, through an authorised agent.

In short, from mid-October WebFiling accounts must be connected to GOV.UK One Login. Preparing early will help avoid delays and ensure users are ready for the new identity checks that follow in November.

Running a small business comes with plenty to juggle, and while insurance might not be the most thrilling task, it is absolutely essential. There is one policy you are legally required to have: employers' liability insurance (EL). If you employ anyone, EL covers legal and compensation costs if someone falls ill or gets injured at work. Missing it could cost you a hefty £2,500 per day in penalties.

Beyond what is required, there are a number of other smart protections to think about:

• Public liability insurance (PL) protects against claims from members of the public, for instance, if someone has an accident at your premises or your team accidentally damages someone's property. Many clients or suppliers will require proof of this cover before doing business.
• Contents and portable equipment insurance covers your essential business gear, such as furniture on-site or gadgets you take out (laptops, tablets, smartphones), in case of theft, fire, flood, loss, or damage.
• Professional indemnity insurance (PI) is vital if you offer expertise or advice. It covers you if a client suffers a financial loss because of something you did or did not do. Many clients expect this sort of protection before hiring you.
• Directors’ and officers’ liability (D&O) protects company leaders personally if there is a claim against them, such as breaches of health and safety laws, pension mismanagement, or financial errors.
• Cyber liability insurance is increasingly important in the digital world. It helps cover the costs of data breaches or cyber-attacks, including claims, compensation, and even IT or legal support.