Author: Glenn

The Valuation Office Agency (VOA) has issued updated advice to help business owners choose and monitor business rates agents more effectively. A key message is that the name listed in the Check and Challenge service must match the name on the signed contract. If it does not, this could be a sign of misleading activity, and business owners are encouraged to report any mismatch directly to the VOA.

This guidance comes in response to cases where agents have changed their trading names after complaints or regulatory scrutiny. The VOA is reminding businesses that transparency and due diligence are essential when appointing an agent.

Although there is no requirement to appoint an agent, many businesses choose to do so for support with managing business rates. If appointing one, it is important to conduct independent research and not rely on an agent who contacts you first. Check that any agent is a member of a recognised professional body such as the IRRV, RICS or RSA. These organisations enforce ethical codes and can handle disputes and complaints.

Before signing a contract, business owners should review it carefully to understand the services offered, the fee structure, how to exit the agreement, and the duration of the appointment. Be cautious if the agent uses high-pressure tactics, requests large upfront payments, or makes bold claims about savings.

Once an agent is appointed using their agent code through your business rates valuation account, all correspondence with the VOA can be monitored. You should not share your personal login details. If the agent later operates under a different name, it is your responsibility to alert the VOA.

If issues arise and the agent is not part of a professional body, concerns should be raised with Citizens Advice or Trading Standards for further support.

Married couples can pass on up to £1 million tax-free if they plan their estates carefully.

The Inheritance Tax  (IHT) nil-rate band is currently £325,000. This means there is normally no IHT to pay if an estate is valued below this threshold. This amount can be higher if you leave everything above the £325,000 threshold to your spouse, civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club.

In addition, there is an IHT residence nil rate band (RNRB) of £175,000. This is a transferable allowance for married couples and civil partners (per person) when their main residence is passed down to a direct descendent such as children or grandchildren after their death. The allowance is available to the deceased person’s children or grandchildren.

Any unused portion of the RNRB can be transferred to a surviving spouse or partner. The RNRB is in addition to the £325,000 nil-rate band. The allowance is available to the deceased person's children or grandchildren. Taken together with the current IHT limit of £325,000 this means that married couples and civil partners can pass on property worth up to £1 million (£325,000 x 2 plus £175,000 x 2) free of IHT to their direct descendants. 

The transfer does not happen automatically and must be claimed from HMRC when the second spouse or civil partner dies. This is usually done by the executor making a claim to transfer the unused RNRB from the estate of the spouse or civil partner that died first.

There is a tapering of the RNRB for estates worth more than £2 million even where the family home is left to direct descendants. The additional threshold will be reduced by £1 for every £2 that the estate is worth more than the £2 million taper threshold. This can result in the full amount of the RNRB being tapered away. 

VAT relief is available on goods and services for people with long-term illnesses or disabilities. 

There are special VAT reliefs available for certain people living with disabilities or long-term illnesses. These reliefs are generally available on certain products and services designed specifically for their personal or domestic use. This VAT relief covers not only the product itself but also installation, repairs, maintenance as well as related spare parts and accessories.

Eligible items typically include adjustable beds, stair lifts, wheelchairs, medical aids, low vision aids (excluding glasses or contact lenses) and home building works such as ramps, widened doorways or lifts. Motor vehicles purchased or leased through the Motability scheme may also qualify.

To benefit from this relief, the individual must meet HMRC’s criteria which usually covers those with a long-term physical or mental condition affecting daily life, chronic illnesses such as diabetes or terminal conditions. Age criteria alone, or temporary disabilities, do not qualify.

Buyers must provide a written declaration confirming their eligibility. Most suppliers will provide a standard form for this purpose.

For imported items, qualifying goods for personal use can benefit from VAT relief if they are properly declared.

Local councils may also offer support or funding for necessary home adaptations, helping ensure greater independence and quality of life for disabled individuals.

It was confirmed with the publication of the draft Finance Bill 2025–26 that measures first announced in the Autumn Budget 2024 to bring most unused pension funds and death benefits into the scope of Inheritance Tax (IHT) will start from 6 April 2027. This will significantly extend the IHT net, capturing pensions that were previously excluded. Individuals with sizeable pensions will need to consider these changes with some care, and review their estate planning accordingly.

This measure will affect individuals inheriting estates within the scope of IHT, including beneficiaries of any unused pension funds or death benefits included in those estates. Personal representatives will be liable for reporting and paying any IHT due on unused pension funds and death benefits.

Death-in-service benefits payable from a registered pension scheme and dependants’ scheme pensions from a defined benefit arrangement, or from a collective money purchase arrangement are excluded from these changes and will not be within the scope of IHT.

There were some changes to the original proposals following a technical consultation that closed in January 2025. As a result, personal representatives, rather than pension scheme administrators, will now be primarily liable for reporting and paying IHT on any unused pension funds and death benefits.

This means that pension scheme administrators and personal representatives will need to work together in administering IHT on pensions. There are concerns that this process could lead to multiple issues, including payment delays, greater complexity and GDPR privacy matters.

Who values goodwill when a business is sold? HMRC's Shares and Assets Valuation team takes the lead.

Whether the goodwill belongs to a sole trader, partnership or limited company, HMRC’s SAV team will either accept the submitted valuation, give their own open market estimate, or state they need more information.

For non-corporate goodwill, the SAV team have the following options for valuing goodwill:

• Accepting the valuation
• Providing an opinion of Open Market Value if the claim appears under or overvalued
• Stating that insufficient information is available to form a view

Corporate goodwill valuations are usually submitted directly to SAV as informal or formal requests. When Trade Related Property is involved, the SAV team will liaise with the Valuation Office Agency.

These are the key issues the SAV team will look at when valuing goodwill:

• the full sale and purchase documentation relating to the transfer of both tangible and intangible assets;
• succession arrangements;
• the valuation approach used – e.g. capitalisation of profits, super profits or a trade specific method;
• the activities of the business and role of the owners within it;
• the financial statements/accounts (including the detailed trading and profit and loss account) for the 3 years before valuation;
• any other relevant financial information;
• appropriate yield and multiples of comparable companies and sectors;
• the commercial and economic background at valuation date;
• how the personal goodwill of the owner has been reflected in the valuation; and
• any other relevant factors.

Open market value must exclude any assumptions about a "special purchaser" unless industry norms support synergy-based premiums.